Anxiety Disorder Effects Of Cognitive Behavior Therapy...

Hedman et al. (2013) have written article â€Å"Shame and Guilt in Social Anxiety Disorder: Effects of Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Association with Social Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms† about how research on whether or not cognitive behavior therapy, CBT, can reduce internal shame in patients with social anxiety disorder, SAD. The authors attempt to convince the audience that this research is important by explainig the seriousness of this disease, the complexity of the treatment, and by using a few adapting strategies. This article appears in PLOS magazine which is the largest journal in the world for scientific articles (Media kit). Hedman et al. (2013) make a convincing argument that previous studies, while quite good, have failed to†¦show more content†¦The study is about how two groups of individuals the first group is individuals with Social Anxiety Disorder and the second group is the healthy controls. These two groups were asked to take a variety tests, th ese tests measured levels of shame and guilt, social anxiety levels, depressive symptoms, and diagnostic assessment as to whether or not the individuals met the criteria for SAD (Hedman et al., 2013, p. 1). After these two groups were given these tests, all individuals with SAD were given cognitive behavior treatment. One group was given group therapy and another group was given individual therapy. After therapy was given these individuals had a one year follow up where they take the same tests they took before treatment. The results were statistically analyzed. The conclusion from this studied that CBT did improve the effect internal shame in individuals with SAD, even though CBT does not directly target internal shame. This research article appears in the PLOS ONE Journal. PLOS ONE has articles on new research in a variety of scientific fields. PLOS ONE also caters to millions of people around the world, and as a bonus is free (PLOS ONE). Since the millions of people who read articles from this journal come from a variety of disciplines the articles in these journals have to be interesting and capture the

The Secret Circle The Hunt Chapter 10 Free Essays

â€Å"I figured out a way to open my father’s book,† Cassie said to Adam, pulling the gunmetal chest out from under her bed and the key from its hidden compartment in her jewelry box. She had asked Adam to stay while the others accompanied Chris to the hospital. Now that the protection spell had been broken, they didn’t have a moment to waste. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Hunt Chapter 10 or any similar topic only for you Order Now They needed to end these hunters, once and for all. â€Å"How?† he asked. Cassie showed him the obsidian crystal and explained how it worked as a buffer to the book’s dark energy. Cassie and Adam settled down on her bedroom floor, the book in front of them. Cassie opened it, knowing it would singe her fingers a bit before she could get the crystal in place, and it did. But once the rock had been set down, weighing upon the book’s spine and clearing its energy, the book’s first two pages were visible. â€Å"This is incredible.† Adam leaned over the book on his hands and knees, closely examining each brushstroke before him. â€Å"I recognize a few familiar symbols here. From my hunt for the Master Tools a while ago. Some of these same inscriptions were on Black John’s map.† Cassie couldn’t keep herself from smiling. â€Å"I was hoping you’d say something like that.† â€Å"I’ll look back through my old research and see what I can find. Do you think we can take the book to my house?† The idea of the book leaving her bedroom rattled Cassie and she faltered. â€Å"I don’t think so,† she stuttered. â€Å"You’re better off bringing your research here.† â€Å"You know, Cassie,† Adam said. â€Å"Now that the protection spell is broken, and Scarlett is getting closer, I think it’s time we looped in the rest of the Circle.† Cassie shook her head before he could say anything more. â€Å"We’ve already discussed this. I told you, I need some time before I tell the Circle I have the book. I’m not going to say it again.† â€Å"This is some really dark stuff, Cassie.† Adam pointed at the text’s ominous squiggly lines. â€Å"Look at it. Decoding this is going to require as many of us working on it as possible. I think it’s worth a shot.† â€Å"Oh, is that what you think? You think it’s worth a shot?† Cassie realized she was shouting, but she couldn’t stop herself. â€Å"Well, here’s what I think,† she said. â€Å"I think it’s my book, not yours. And it’s my issue to deal with, not the Circle’s.† â€Å"You don’t have to yell at me,† Adam said calmly. â€Å"Sometimes it’s the only way to get you to listen!† Adam leaned backward. â€Å"We’re dealing with dark magic here, Cassie. A curse of Black John’s that can save the lives of our friends who are marked, not to mention our Circle – but only if we translate it properly.† â€Å"Exactly. The book is dangerous, Adam. I don’t want anyone to get hurt until I know I have something real that could help them. But if you’re so interested in dabbling in dark magic all of a sudden, maybe you should go find Scarlett.† Adam looked stunned. Cassie was, too. She had thought she was feeling better after Adam’s romantic gesture before their meeting. She hadn’t realized last night’s conversation about the cord and Scarlett was still prodding at her heart. But it made her insides ache – even more now that she and Adam were disagreeing – and out it had come before she even knew what she was saying. â€Å"That’s not what I meant at all.† Adam’s voice cracked with emotion, but he strived to maintain his composure. â€Å"How could you even think such a thing? You’re the one who said it was going to be okay last night. You said, ‘Everything will look brighter tomorrow.’ Well, that day is today, Cassie, and I’m still here, loving you.† Cassie knew Adam was right. She had tried to assure him Scarlett wouldn’t come between them, and now she was ruining that effort. The heated anger within her was driving him away – she knew she should stop, but it felt like her emotions were beyond her control. What Cassie did next surprised them both. She grabbed Adam’s face with her hands and brought his mouth to hers. She kissed him violently, like the life of their relationship depended on it – and maybe it did. Cassie climbed on top of Adam, and he resisted her at first, but as Cassie knew he would, he eventually gave in. It had never been this way before. Fast, animalistic. Pulling Adam closer always felt good, but right now everything seemed blurry and confused. Cassie’s intentions were clouded. Once they slowed down, Adam drew back and looked into her eyes with concern. â€Å"Does this mean we’re okay?† â€Å"I don’t want to lose you,† Cassie said. Her own voice sounded foreign to her, almost anesthetized. â€Å"You’re not going to lose me.† Adam began kissing her again, but this time Cassie drew back. She regretted the way she’d yelled at Adam and wanted to react to him with warmth now, but she was oddly disconnected. She wasn’t really sure what she was feeling – or if she was feeling anything at all. All she was certain of was that she didn’t want to say or do anything else that might hurt him. Cassie sat up and brought her knees in toward her chest. â€Å"I’m sorry,† she said. â€Å"But I’m just not myself right now. I think you should go.† Adam’s face crumpled, a combination of disappointment and confusion, but he simply nodded and got up to gather his things. â€Å"Okay,† he said. He glanced down at Black John’s book still open on the floor but thought better of mentioning it. â€Å"When you’re feeling better, I’ll be waiting for your call.† He left, quietly shutting Cassie’s bedroom door behind him. Image The second Cassie heard Adam leave the house, she leapt out of bed. Her father’s book was still splayed open on the floor, held in place by the obsidian crystal. Suddenly it all became clear. Her charge of emotions with Adam just now – she’d felt it before. It was the same surge she felt when she handled her father’s Book of Shadows. She got down on her hands and knees and examined the book at eye level. Her fingers trembled with anticipation, still warm from where she’d been singed earlier. The book had some power over her – she understood that now. Each time it burned her hands it affected her mind. It was changing her. Cassie thought back to every time she’d lost her temper since she’d first opened the book, every disagreement with the Circle, every frustration with her mother. She’d handled the book just before each time. And what had just happened with Adam †¦ Cassie had felt how destructive she was being in the moment, but hadn’t been able to stop herself. Cassie reached for the book with both hands and the obsidian crystal slid out of place and onto the floor. The book is the problem, Cassie thought, but also the solution. She flipped through its pages in search of any symbols that struck her as familiar. Minutes passed before she realized she was holding the book without being burned. Cassie lifted her fingertips up to her eyes. They were perfectly fine. No new marks, no tingling. It was what she’d been hoping for since she’d first taken the book from the basement. But deep down, she couldn’t ignore the dismal reason the book no longer rejected her hands. As she was turning darker, it was beginning to welcome her. The balance in Cassie was shifting. But she couldn’t let that scare her. Now that she’d come this far, abandoning her search for the witch-hunter curse wasn’t a choice. The threat the book posed would just have to be considered an occupational hazard, a risk that came with the job of saving her Circle. She continued turning the pages, gaining momentum with every word, absorbing all she could from each dot and stroke. The book’s contents still appeared as an archaic code, and she didn’t understand most of what she took in, yet there were certain symbols she found especially curious, ciphers that seemed to reach out and speak to her. Cassie could feel the meanings of these lines like a bar of classical music; they moved her from the inside out. Part of her wanted to run and tell Adam immediately, to show him how peacefully the book lay in her hands. But if touching the book was changing her, she didn’t want anyone else to fall victim to its curse. And she also shouldn’t handle the book more than she had to. Or as much as she wanted to. Cassie thought for a moment about her options. She turned back to the book’s first page and carried it over to her desk. She pulled out a spiralbound notebook and took a ballpoint pen in hand. She sat and carefully copied the page, line for line, into her notebook, and then she copied the second page as well. It took nearly an hour to painstakingly duplicate every sign and symbol until she had an exact replica, one that could be translated without any doubt. When she was done, she admired the finished product. Cassie would show it to Adam in the morning and apologize to him for her weird behavior. It wouldn’t solve all their problems, but it was a good start. How to cite The Secret Circle: The Hunt Chapter 10, Essay examples

Purgatory during the protestant reformation Essay Example For Students

Purgatory during the protestant reformation Essay All Souls Day, November 2nd, does anyone really understand why it is a holy day or is it just another meaningless holiday Catholics are asked to attend church? All Souls Day is a day that the Catholic Church has set aside to help pray for all the souls not yet joined with god. During this day, people are asked to pray for all of the departed who have passed on and are now in purgatory working very hard to have the privilege of joining to god. Purgatory has been an important aspect of organized religion from the early days of the church until now, but never more controversial then during the time of the protestant reformation. The following pages examine the belief of purgatory during the protestant reformation. First they will explain the history of catholic and protestant belief. Then they will present the actual doctrine itself, showing both catholic and protestant views. Finally, they will show how these beliefs have held up over the years, how they have changed and how they are still similar. Before talking about purgatory, the subject of why there are two beliefs needs to be addressed. The Catholic and Protestant churches have two different views on purgatory. These views, actually, are one of the reasons the two churches split in the first. Martin Luther, an Augustinian monk was not happy with the state of the catholic church at that time. So, in 1517, Pope Leo X, in order to raise money to build St. Peters Basilica, offered indulgences for sale to the people. Indulgences offered partial remission of the penalty for sins to anyone who made donations of money. Luther believed that this should not hap pen. On Oct. 31, 1517, Luther nailed a list of 95 propositions to the door of the church in Wittenberg. They were mostly in objection to the right of the pope to forgive sins by the sale of indulgences. They were widely circulated in Germany and caused a great controversy. Luther was ordered to recant by Cardinal Cajetan but he refused. Some people thought that Luther had a valid point, and those people were the ones who followed him. This is where we get the split of ideas and of the churches themselves. This split in the churches has a lot to do with the idea of purgatory and the selling of indulgences. Indulgences were sold to people to reduce their time in purgatory. These indulgences were sold at a very high price and most people either could not afford them or were forced to sell all they owned to purchase them. â€Å"A soul is released from purgatory and carried to heaven as soon as the money tinkles in the box.† (13 9 13) The existence of purgatory and indulgences wer e not what started the split it was the selling of the indulgences and the extremely high prices for them that caused the split in the church and in the belief of purgatory itself. The doctrine of purgatory is not very involved in the Catholic Church. There are only three paragraphs in the catechism. The basic understanding is that there is a third place after death where a person who has not sinned enough to go to hell but has not been perfect goes to be purified. Also, God helps the people in purgatory so they are not completely cut off from Him like in hell. The only other belief about purgatory is that the purification has to be painful. Even though the catechism only has about three paragraphs on purgatory, there have been other writings on the subject. The Council of Vatican II has its own beliefs on the subject. They stated:The doctrine of purgatory clearly demonstrates that even when the guilt of the sin has been taken away, punishment for it or the consequences of it may remain to be explained or cleansed. They often are.In fact in purgatory the souls of those who died in the charity of god and truly repentant, but who had not made satisfaction with adequate penance for there sins . . . are cleansed after death . . . .During the Protestant Reformation this belief was a bit more thought out. They believed that purgatory and hell had the same â€Å"fire† and that the pain was the same:St Thomas Aquinas quoted Gregory the Great as quoting St. Augustine as saying ‘even as in the same fire gold glistens and straw smokes, so in the same fire the sinner burns and the elect is cleaned’ This is taken to mean that hell and purgatory have the same punishment but in hell a person is there for all of eternity and in purgatory that person is there only as long as it takes to have his soul cleansed. Indulgences are meant to shorten this time. They cannot be used for anything else. Someone cannot just buy their way into heaven; they have to go through the same cleansing process of purgatory. .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453 , .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453 .postImageUrl , .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453 , .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453:hover , .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453:visited , .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453:active { border:0!important; } .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453:active , .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453 .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5b37350dc16507e7a636e13b039f6453:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Transcontinental Railroad and Westward Expansi EssayThere are two kinds of indulgences. There are partial indulgences and plenary indulgences. Mostly the difference is the amount of time that is decreased by the indulgence. A partial indulgence takes off the time for one minor sin. A plenary indulgence takes off more time. This indulgence takes off a more serious sin or a few minor ones. The difference in price however is immense. This was just another reason that Martin Luther was displeased with the church. Bibliography:

Joints and Body Movements Essay Example

Joints and Body Movements Paper Purpose: What is the purpose of this exercise? In this exercise I will exam how joints function and thereby discover how they allow for movement in the body. Joints are where two bones come together. The joints hold the bones together and allow for movement of the skeleton. All of the bones, except the hyoid bone in the neck, form a joint. Joints are often categorized by the amount of motion they allow. Some of the joints are fixed, like those in the skull, allow for no movement. Other joints, like those between the vertebrae of the spine, allow for some movement. Most of the joints are free moving synovial joints. In this exercise I will exam how joints function and thereby discover how they allow for movement in the body. Are there any safety concerns associated with this exercise? If so, list what they are and what precautions should be taken. Basic lab precautions, including keep a clean workspace and washing your hand when dealing with raw poultry. In order to ensure that this occurs layout the equipment beforehand in a clean sterile environment and follow safe work practices. Exercise 1: Questions A. As you observe the skull, explain how the structure of the sutures between the cranial bones is related to the overall function of the cranium. We will write a custom essay sample on Joints and Body Movements specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Joints and Body Movements specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Joints and Body Movements specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Children’s heads needs to squeeze through the birth canal during delivery, humans during infancy have evolved with a soft skull composed of many different bony plates that meet at regions called cranial sutures. These sutures also allow the skull to grow rapidly during the first year of life, at which time the bones start to slowly fuse together. This allows the skull to continue to protect the skull during early development. B. Why are synarthroses an important component of fibrous joints? These joints are weight bearing and the joints provide stability and cushioning. Synarthrotic joint is to provide a stable union between bony surfaces. The suture and synchondrosis actually become more stable when ossification of the joint takes place. Exercise 2: Questions A. Cartilaginous joints exhibit amphiarthroses. Why is this important? Amphiarthroses provides an articulation between bony surfaces that permits limited motion and is connected by ligaments or elastic cartilage, such as that between the vertebrae. B. Structurally, how are cartilaginous joints similar? Cartilaginous joints are connected entirely by cartilage. Cartilaginous joints allow more movement between bones than a fibrous joint but less than the highly mobile synovial joint. Cartilaginous joints also form the growth regions of immature long bones and the intervertebral discs of the spinal column. Exercise 3: Questions A. Which type of synovial joint has the least amount of movement? Plane joints permit sliding or gliding movements in the plane of articular surfaces. The opposed surfaces of the bones are flat or almost fat, with movement limited by their tight joint capsules. B. Why are diarthroses important for synovial joints? Diarthrosis permits a variety of movements. All diarthrosis joints are synovial joints and the terms diarthrosis and synovial joint are considered equivalent. C. Which synovial joint is most movable? A ball and socket joint is a joint in which the distal bone is capable of motion around an indefinite number of axes, which have one common center. It enables the bone to move in a 360Â ° angle. D. What are the four structural characteristics that all synovial joints share? Synovial joints all have synovial fluid, articular cartilage, articular capsule, synovial membrane, capsular ligaments, blood vessels, and sensory nerves. Exercise 4: Questions A. Which of the body movements was the most difficult to perform? Why? Inversion which is a gliding joint and provides little movement. B. Hinge joints like the elbow and knee have limited movement. Why are these types of joints more prone to injury? Hinge joints in the elbow and knee contain a lot of anatomical structures packed into a tiny space and when challenged with heavy and constant use, it thus especially prone to injury and infection. C. When performing flexion on the arm, the biceps muscle (on the anterior of the arm) contracts. What happens to the triceps muscle (on the posterior of the arm) as this action is performed? As you perform flexion on your arm the triceps muscle relaxes. D. Both the shoulder and the hip are ball and socket joints. Why does the shoulder have a greater range of motion than the hip? The muscles and joints of the shoulder allow it to move through a remarkable range of motion, making it the most mobile joint in the human body. The shoulder can abduct, adduct rotate, be raised in front of and behind the torso and move through a full 360Â ° in the sagittal plane. Exercise 5: Observations Sketch your chicken wing: Label the bones, muscles, tendons and joints. Exercise 5: Questions A. What effect will the tearing of a tendon have on its corresponding muscle? The corresponding muscle will shrink due to the decreased activity tendon. This is because when the tendon is torn the area around the tendon will not be in very much use until the tendon is repaired which can take a good while unless professionally handled. The muscle will go back to its original size once the tendon heals and the muscle is used more. B. Why are ligaments harder to heal than tendons? Tendons heal faster than ligaments. The reason is that tendons are connected to the muscle, which will allow them to receive a larger blood flow. Ligaments are connected to bone which supplies less blood. Blood is the key -what carries nutrients in order to repair the tissue. C. Compare and contrast tendons and ligaments. Ligaments connect bone to bone and tendons connect bone to muscle. D. What is the function of fascia? It is responsible for maintaining structural, provides support and protection, and acts as a shock absorber. The function of muscle fasciae is to reduce friction to minimize the reduction of muscular force. Fasciae: a) Provide a sliding and gliding environment for muscles. b)Suspend organs in their proper place. c) Transmit movement from muscles to bones, and d) Provide a supportive and movable wrapping for nerves and blood vessels as they pass through and between muscles. [ E. What effect would the loss of articular cartilage have on a joint, its bones and their corresponding muscles? It causes the breakdown of the cartilage in joints. It also called degenerative arthritis. Cartilage is the joints cushion. It covers the ends of bones and allows free movement. If it becomes rough, frays, or wears away, bones grind against each other. As a result, the joint becomes irritated and inflamed. Sometimes the irritation causes abnormal bone growths, called spurs, which increase swelling. Conclusions Explain how skin, bones, and muscles are related to each other. Why is this relationship important to the understanding of the skeletal and muscular systems? Joints are where two bones come together. The joints hold the bones together and allow for movement of the skeleton. All of the bones, except the hyoid bone in the neck, form a joint. Joints are often categorized by the amount of motion they allow. Some of the joints are fixed, like those in the skull, allow for no movement. Other joints, like those between the vertebrae of the spine, allow for some movement. Most of the joints are free moving synovial joints.

Bill Bryson’s A Short History of Nearly Everything Essays

Bill Bryson’s A Short History of Nearly Everything Essays Bill Bryson’s A Short History of Nearly Everything Essay Bill Bryson’s A Short History of Nearly Everything Essay Bill Bryson’s A Short History of Nearly Everything Name: Institution: Bill Bryson’s A Short History of Nearly EverythingOutlineI. How to build a universeA. What is the size of the proton?1. The size of the proton is unimaginably small, which makes it too microscopic2. The small dot of an ‘i’ could contain hundreds of billions of protonsB. What was the size of singularity that is known to begin the universe and what existed outside the singularityC. How long did it take from when there was nothing existing in the universe to there being stuff and how did it all start?D. How long has the universe been in existence or how old is it since it formed?E. How is the Big Bang related to the static on a blank television station?F. What makes the universe seem unlikely considering space is part of the universe, is not infinityG. Is there anything that exists outside the universe?II. The measure of thingsA. What is the size or how big is the earth?B. What made a group of scientists from France choose to go to Peru in a quest to measure the ear th?C. Triangulation1. Measuring size of earth using triangulation2. Measuring the distance of the earth from the sun using triangulationD. The use of trigonometry in measuring the earth as well as its distance from the sunE. How a betting led to the writing of the greatest mathematical book ever writtenF. Is the earth perfectly spherical and does have any significance?G. The transit of VenusH. Measuring the distance between the earth and the sunI. Weighing the earth and weighing other planetsJ. What made Newton, Cavendish and Gibbs secretive about their discoveries and a comparison to Watson who was not secretiveIII. The stone breakersA. The age of the earthB. How the ancient fossil clamshells are found in mountaintopsC. How 18th century geology explained the clamshells in the mountaintopsD. Theories of plutonism and neptunismE. Theories of catastrophism and uniformitarianismF. Lyell1. Who was he2. Why was he named father of geometryG. Geologic time division and classificationH. Att empts aimed at determining the age of the earthI. Undermining of geology by Lord KelvinJ. Why measuring of earth’s age was more difficult compared to measuring its mass and sizeIV. Elemental mattersA. The periodic table of elements and why it is known as the most elegant organization table to be devisedB. What elements are there and how their discoveries occurredC. How a Swedish pharmacist that is unheard of discovered eight elementsD. AlchemyE. Elan vital and what it wasF. How a French noble founded chemistry and later got beheadedG. Drug of choice in the early 19th century1. What was it2. How it led to the death of a famous chemistH. The size of the Avogadro’s numberI. How a Russian card player chemist turn order into chaosJ. Breaking of chemistry into organic and inorganicK. Radioactivity1. Its relation to age of earth2. How radioactivity undermined lord Kelvin’s age of the earth3. The current age of earth estimatesV. The mighty atomA. The size of the atomB. All things are made of atomsC. Why Rutherford was awarded for something different from what he was looking forD. The quantum leap and why it is considered strangeE. Why our brains are not able to understand the smallest thingsF. Why rules concerning the smallest things are different from the things we can seeVI. BangA. How the dinosaurs went extinctB. Relationship between the impact of comet on Jupiter and mass extinction here on earthC. What the meteor crater in Iowa does tell about dinosaur extinctionD. What could be the result if a meteor hit the earth1. Would it be dangerous?2. Is there anything that could be done?E. The number of species that went extinct after the Cretaceous Tertiary boundaryF. The resistance of connection between impacts and the extinctionVII. The rise of lifeA. Miller’s experiments and what it has to do with the origin of lifeB. The problem of making proteins1. What is protein2. Strangeness in protein synthesisC. What turns something into lifeD. Livin g things as collections of moleculesE. The beginning of life on earth and what makes it miraculousF. Theory of panspermia and its issuesG. Why Ridley states that all life is oneH. StromatoliteI. Early life1. How was it like2. Does evidence exists to show that it still exists3. How scientists study the early life4. How long did life begin and how long did the current complex life begin5. How was the world about 3.5 billion years agoJ. Mitochondria1. What it is2. Where they come from3. The strangeness in mitochondriaVIII. CellsA. What a cell isB. What cells doC. The size of the cell and how they multiplyD. What are the constituents of a cellE. How the nitric oxide that is poisonous help our cellsF. Hooke and Leeuwenhoek1. Who were they2. How did they contribute to our understanding of the cellIX. Darwin’s singular notionA. How Darwin spent his lifeB. Darwin’s best idea that anyone has ever had and why it was given the name it hasC. The results of Darwin’s voyage o n the BeagleD. Why Darwin did not produce his ideas concerning evolution immediately after discoveringE. Alfred Russell Wallace1. Who he was2. His contribution to the evolutionary theoryF. Problems of Darwin’s ideas about the origin of speciesG. Mendel1. Who he was2. His contribution to biologyH. Passing of genetic traitsI. Benefits that could have been realized if Mendel and Darwin knew about each other’s workJ. How ideas of Mendel and Darwin explain evolutionX. The stuff of lifeA. Why DNA is a molecule without life in itself and mostly does nothing in the bodyB. The human genome and what it isC. The odds of being alive,1. How one might probably not be alive if their parents had not bonded at the time they did even with a difference of a second.2. The number of ancestors it would require for a person to be in existence3. Incest and how it has contributed to existence of many people and how it makes almost all of us relativesD. The DNA1. Why is considered one of the mo st non-reactive2. Chemically an inert molecule within the living world3. Why scientist though it was too simple to have any importance in life4. How DNA is similar to Morse codeE. Genes1. What is gene2. The discovery of the DNA structure3. Similarity of your genes to other organisms4. How the gene worksF. The human proteomeG. Why ‘All life is one’ as Bryson puts it and why this is the most profound statementPersonal Opinion Upon reading this book, one realizes that there are many questions that one cannot answer, which science seeks to answer. So many scientists have tried to understand the nature of life as well as how it came into being and what shapes it. What resulted were many theories that explain some of the greatest phenomenon of life. However, no one can claim to be certain about life considering most of these theories and ideas are criticized while new ones continue to emerge to discredit older ones. However, majority of these ideas and theories explain a lot of things that are unanswerable and why it is hard to understand them. The information provided in this book explains quite well what science is all about. The information talks about principles that exist to explain life or the natural laws that govern life and matter or how the universe and earth come into existence. Therefore, science is not about technology as one would think. Rather, it is some of these principles that were discovered by some of the greatest scientists that drive technology. For instance, the discovery of the elements is quite crucial today in making some of the things we enjoy. This was a result of the science discovered many years ago. However, the main issue in this book is how almost everything in the whole universe came into existence including the stars, other planets and the earth in which we exist. Science in this book is presented as a series of questions that scientists in the past had thought they had fully answered while the truth is that some of their ideas continue to be discredited with new discoveries and studies. One of the major themes in this book is the resistance of new scientific ideas although there is evidence for some of the ideas including the Big Bang, evolution, plate tectonics, a likely connection between meteor impact and extinction and atoms amongst others. Bryson not only seeks to answer some of these questions by referring to the works of the great scientist, but also talks about how they came to know what they know such as how they discovered some of the most important principles of life today. In an interesting way, he is able to present a sphere of science in each part of the book while every chapter has addressed interesting questions that any person reading would be interested in knowing. It makes understanding of science easier and a lot more interesting. It further makes it look like a study of some logical thoughts such as the odd of our existence, where he shows that almost everybody is related. Holistically, Bryson presents science in a way that anybody can study and even seek to discover things on their own through asking several simple questions about the things that we see daily or most of the natural phenomenon that surrounds us such as why we do not fall off the earth as it rotates no its axis.

The Inclusive Classroom Best Supports Student Success

The Inclusive Classroom Best Supports Student Success Federal law in the United States (according to the IDEA) prescribes that students with disabilities should be placed in their neighborhood school with as much time as possible in a general education setting. This is LRE, or Least Restrictive Environment, provides that children should receive educational services with their typical peers unless education there cannot be achieved satisfactorily even with appropriate supplementary aids and services. A district is required to maintain a full range of environments from least restrictive (general education) to most restrictive (special schools).   The Successful Inclusive Classroom Keys to success include: Students need to be active - not passive learners.Children should be encouraged to make choices as often as possible, a good teacher will allow students some time to flounder as some of the most powerful learning stems from taking risks and learning from mistakes.Parental involvement is crucial.Students with disabilities must be free to learn at their own pace and have accommodations and alternative assessment strategies in place to meet their unique needs.Students need to experience success, learning goals need to be specific, attainable and measurable and have some challenge to them. What is the Teachers Role? The teacher facilitates the learning by encouraging, prompting, interacting, and probing with good questioning techniques, such as How do you know its right- can you show me how?. The teacher provides 3-4 activities that address the multiple learning styles and enables students make choices. For instance, in a spelling activity a student may choose to cut and paste the letters from newspapers or use magnetic letters to manipulate the words or use colored shaving cream to print the words. The teacher will have mini-conferences with students. The teacher will provide many learning manipulatives and opportunities for small group learning. Parent volunteers are helping with counting, reading, assisting with unfinished tasks, journals, reviewing basic concepts such as math facts and sight words. In the inclusive classroom, a teacher will differentiate instruction as much as possible, which will benefit both the students with and without disabilities, since it will provide more individual attention and attention to What Does the Classroom Look Like? The classroom is a beehive of activity. Students should be engaged in problem solving activities.   John Dewey once said, the only time we think is when were given a problem. The classroom that is child centered relies on  learning centers to support whole group and small group instruction. There will be a language center with learning goals, perhaps a media center with opportunity to listen to taped stories or create a multimedia presentation on the computer. There will be a music  center and a math center with many manipulatives. Expectations should always be clearly stated prior to students engaging in learning activities. Effective classroom management tools and routines will provide students with reminders about the acceptable noise level, learning activity and accountability for producing a finished product or accomplishing the center tasks. The teacher will supervise learning throughout the centers while either landing at one center for small group instruction or creating Teacher Time as a rotation. Activities at the center take into consideration multiple intelligences and learning styles. Learning  center time should begin with whole class instructions and end with whole class debriefing and evaluation: How did we do with maintaining a successful learning environment? Which centers were the most fun?  Where did you learn the most? Learning centers are a great way to differentiate instruction.  You will place some activities that every child can complete, and some activities designed for advanced, on level and remediated instruction. Models for Inclusion: Co-teaching:  Often this approach is used by school districts, especially in secondary settings.  I have often heard from general education teachers who are co-teaching provide very little support, are not involved in planning, in assessment or in instruction. Sometimes they just dont show up and tell their general ed partners when they have scheduled and IEP.  Effective co-teachers help with planning, provide suggestions for differentiation across abilities, and do some instruction to give the general education teacher the opportunity to circulate and support all the students in a classroom. Whole Class Inclusion:  Some districts (like those in California) are placing dually certified teachers in classrooms as social studies, math or English Language Arts teachers in secondary classrooms.  The teacher teaches the subject to both students with and without disabilities and carries a caseload of students enrolled in a specific grade, etc.  They would most likely call these inclusion classrooms and include students who are English Language Learners or struggling with grades. Push In:  A resource teacher will come into the general classroom and meet with students during centers time to support their IEP goals and provide small group or individualized instruction.  Often districts will encourage teachers to provide a mix of push in and pull out services. Sometimes the services are provided by a para-professional at the direction of a special education teacher. Pull Out:  This sort of pull out is usually indicated with a Resource Room placement in the IEP.   Students who have significant problems with attention and staying on task may benefit from a quieter setting without distractions.  At the same time, children whose disabilities put them at a significant disadvantage with their typical peers may be more willing to risk reading aloud or doing math if they arent worried about being dissed (dis-respected) or mocked by their general education peers.   What does Assessment Look Like? Observation is key. Knowing what to look for is critical. Does the child give up easily? Does the child persevere? Is the child able to show how he got the task right? The teacher targets a few learning goals per day and a few students per day to observe for goal attainment. Formal/informal interviews will help the assessment process. How closely does the individual remain on task? Why or why not? How does the student feel about the activity? What are their thinking processes? In Summary Successful learning centers require good classroom management and well known rules and procedures. A productive learning environment will take time to implement. The teacher may have to call the whole class together regularly in the beginning to ensure that all rules and expectations are being adhered to. Remember, think big but start small. Introduce a couple of centers per week. See more information on assessment.

Cross cultural management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Cross cultural management - Case Study Example   SICLI is a well-known company in security segment that has its operations running from past 90 years. The company originally had its operations localized only in France but in later stage business operations were expanded into other geographical areas. All types of security-related products like fire extinguishers, gas detection, fire detection, security training services, etc., are manufactured by the company. SICLI has expanded its operations into global markets like USA, European, African markets, etc. French expats are utilized by the firm so as to enhance efficiency level of African operations. The firm encompasses large base of experienced employees and it is not possible for them to adapt to a completely new environment. Employees of SICLI feel that they are a part of an organization which ensures job security. This firm recruited individual from the diverse cultural background but most integral part was played by French employees. The company witnessed challenges when it was taken over by another group Williams Holdings Plc. The new CEO employed certain organizational changes which were not accepted by majority employees since its implications or importance was not conveyed appropriately. It is important that top management while expanding globally needs to be well aligned with core business culture and values. Multinational strategies or structures incorporated by MNCs are of various types like multi-domestic, global, international and transnational.   

VIS 152FACT AND FICTION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

VIS 152FACT AND FICTION - Essay Example To this end Abbas Kiarostami’s Close-up becomes an â€Å"unclassifiable hybrid.†(Rapfogel, 2001) The film’s central character, Hossain Sabzian and the film’s plot are not fictional creations, but rather real recreations. The fact is, a man with the name, Hossain Sabzian did in fact impersonate a film executive named Mohsen Makhmalbaf and the impersonator, Sabzian is played by himself. (Rapfogel, 2001) Kiarostami takes the concept of documentary film to a unique level so that the art of distinguishing the actor from the character he or she plays is impossible since the actors play themselves in the film. In this regard, each of the actors and the characters that they play are authentic representations of themselves. Since the actors are not caught unaware, they are role-playing nonetheless. (Naremore, 1988) Real life situations are therefore reconstructed so that the nuances of human existence are exposed. So while Close-up brings film closer to life, it simultaneously brings the reader closer to reality. So although Close-up is for all intents and purposes a staged portrayal of real characters and a real plot, it is very much an exercise in realism and authenticity. This is because it combines reality with â€Å"an hallucination that is also a fact.† (Bazin, 1967) The hallucination is manifested by the preparedness in filming and performing. Salesman like Close-up chronicles everyday life by depicting the role playing in vastly similar ways. Like Sabzian, who impersonates a film executive for disingenuous reasons, the salesmen in Salesman likewise resort to role playing. The four salesman follows the travels of four Irish Catholic Bible salesmen from Boston to New England and Florida where they attempt to sell fancy bibles to lower and middle class consumers who are obviously not interested in purchasing the bibles. Paul, one salesman is the ultimate performer. In trying to reach his sales’ quota he even lies to

Hot and Cold Essay Example for Free

Hot and Cold Essay Since time immemorial, Indians have been bombarded with snacks-to-go by street vendors; fastfood is neither a modern phenomenon, nor a western innovation. But as increasing numbers of international players enter the domestic market, there are bitter lessons to learn about what local consumers will and will not welcome. just-food.coms Debasish Ganguly reports from India on the evolving sector and the challenges facing new entrants into the fastfood market. Fastfood is not an alien concept to Indians; roadside shops have offered snacks-to-go since time immemorial and the country has a long tradition of indigenous fastfood served by a variety of street vendors. Whether the southern Dosas or the Phulkas in the north, the Vada, Samosas or Bhelpuri, this inexpensive cuisine is still going strong, and street selling is a low-cost method of food distribution. However, since the arrival of established fastfood chains such as McDonalds, marketing savvy and dollar power have given fastfood a very western orientation. The weekend stampedes outside any McDonalds restaurant are standing testimony to this fact. But the burger behemoths still have a long way to go. Local fastfood is not easily undermined by these interlopers, since methods of mass production have not been perfected and, in any case, they would have to compete with low cost artisan production. On the other hand, the reality is that established local fastfood chains, like Nirulas, Wimpys or Haldiram, are sensing competition by the growing popularity of McDonalds and other international chains. Though Nirulas does not admit to any drop in sales overtly, industry sources reveal that they have lost 18% of their original market share. So far, the fastfood chains have gained their popularity among the major metropolitan cities of India and some smaller cities, such as Pune or Baroda. Before the arrival of these fastfood chains, Nirulas was the market leaderin Delhi. In fact, Nirulas taught Delhi-dwellers what pizzas and burgers were all about. Nirulas was commanding a monopoly until western chains arrived in India.

Morality Essay example -- Moral Ethics Philosophy essays

Morality   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Moral philosophy is very important to the success of an individual. But, before I tell you why moral philosophy is so important, and how it has helped me in my life, let me give you a little background knowledge. Rational knowledge has two components. These components are material and formal. Formal knowledge is not object oriented, and is based on reason. Formal knowledge is logic, or the laws of thought. Material knowledge is object oriented, and has two components. These two components are natural and moral. Natural law is physics. It determines what is the case, and how things behave in nature. On the other hand, moral law determines what things ought to be. Morality is something humans think about, and is not based on physiological factors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Now that we have a little background of knowledge and moral law, let me tell you why you should lead a moral life. Even though morality is not imposed upon you, it is about humanity. And, while it may not seem fair, in reality, morality is judged by humans. So, if you are immoral, other people will be the ones that notice that you are immoral, and that can hurt personal relationships. One way that I have succeeded throughout my career is by knowing and being friends with a lot of people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The practical side of life is based on interpersonal relationships. Whether it be social or business, communicating with people is the only way to get things done. There is no way that you can go through life in today's society without getting along with people. If people think that you are immoral, than they will not respect you, or be willing to work with you. Again, it may seem like it is not fair because you know that no one is one hundred percent moral, and if someone doesn't respect you because you are immoral, than they are hypocritical. But, when it comes to moral issues, the reality of the world is that people are hypocritical. They feel it is okay for them to do it, but not okay for anyone else.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Think about it, how many times have you said, "I can't believe that he did that; he's a jerk." Knowing the entire time that you have done the same thing. You may say, "Who cares!" I'm here to tell you that one day you might care. Let me give you and example. After I completed a business venture that made me over one million dollars, I learned that the only reaso... ...Moral law has helped me be successful in everything that I do.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Being a 65 year old man, I have seen a lot. I know the value of moral philosophy. Moral philosophy has helped me be successful in every thing that I have done. You may ask, "How has it helped you be successful?" Well, I have told you a couple of aspects of moral philosophy, and all of these aspects have helped me keep things in perspective. Financial success will come with morality, but if it doesn't, then you will still be better off because you have led a moral life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There have been times in my life when I have succumb to selfish inclination, and the results were immediately good. But ultimately, if I had been labeled as an immoral person, and was not able to do certain things because people didn't like me, than I definitely wouldn't have been the one invited to give this talk to you. By the way, I am getting paid an awful lot of money for this talk. So there is another way that morality has helped me. Happiness is not a grounding for morality, because some immoral people are happy. But, morality can lead to ultimate happiness and greater success in whatever you attempt to do in life.

Owen Wister’s novel The Virginian Essay

One of the strong points of Owen Wister’s western novel is in fact the manner by which the story was conveyed.  Ã‚   The language used to narrate the novel and to deliver the lines of each character truly played a significant part in the development of the story. As I was carefully taking in the imperative social issues that lie beneath Wister’s famous work of western fiction, I could not help but examine the play of words.   According to my own observation, the skilful use of language in The Virginian affected the novel in three ways: making the story entertaining and understandable, embodying well the feelings of the characters, and conveying the traits of the characters. Language That’s Easy to Understand As a whole, I found the language very conversational.   Though the setting is early 20th century America, the conversations among the characters are not that stiff.   The spoken language is what Wister used in delivering the lines of every character.   In one of the scenes from Chapter XI: You’re Going to Love Me Before We Get Through, I was delighted by the conversation between the Virginian and Molly Wood primarily because of the chatty nature of the language used. â€Å"And I would not be oversteppin’ for the world. I’ll go away if yu’ want.† (Wister, 1903, p.130) This is one of the lines of the Virginian.  Ã‚   Even readers from this age could easily capture the thoughts of the Virginian through such kind of language.   Aside from understanding the text, readers may take pleasure in reading the lines since they can relate to the conversational nature of the statements. Embodiment of the Feelings and Traits of the Characters Words are a powerful way of unleashing the true nature and emotions of a person.   In the Virginina and Molly’s conversation, the features of the two characters are shown.   â€Å"That’s all square enough. You’re goin’ to love me before we get through. I wish yu’d come a-ridin’, ma’am.† (Wister, 1903, p.133)   This line reveals the concealed affection of the Virginian for Molly.   Although readers, and even Molly for that matter, may take this straightforward admission as just another witty response from the Virginian, the words used will definitely give a clue of the Virginian’s feelings. â€Å"Dear, dear, dear! So I’m going to love you? How will you do it? I know men think that they only need to sit and look strong and make chests at a girl†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Wister, 1903, p.133)   This is the powerful reply of Molly to the Virginian’s emotion-filled statement.   The language helped convey Molly’s hesitant yet persisting fondness of the Virginian.   Behind her question â€Å"So I’m going to love you? How will you do it?† is a strong challenge she wants the Virginian to take seriously. Making Known the Traits of the Characters   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Why, I mean,† said he, easily, sitting down near the door, â€Å"that it’s Sunday. School don’t hinder yu’ from enjoyin’ a ride to-day. You’ll teach the kids all the better for it to-morro’, ma’am. Maybe it’s your duty.† (Wister, 1903, p.130)   This is one example of how language presented the traits of the Virginian to the readers.   The choice of words for the character of the Virginian is suited to his nature as a gentleman who shows utmost concern for a lady. Reference: Wister, O. (1903) The Virginian: A Horseman of the Plains. New York: The Macmillan Company   

The Vroom Expectancy Theory of Motivation

The Vroom Expectancy Theory of Motivation The Vroom Expectancy Theory is â€Å"based on the premise that telt needs cause human behavior† and that motivation strength depends on an Individual's degree of desire to perform a behavior (Certo ; certo, 2008). As an Individual recognizes a need, they will more than likely employ an action to satisfy that need. The motivational strength will also fluctuate correspondingly with their desire. If the desire Increases, so will the motivation.The opposite Is true as well. In equation form, motivation strength equals the perceived result value of performing behavior multiplied by the perceived robability that the result will actually materialize (Certo ; Certo, 2008). For example, consider anovice stockbroker in training who was has been given a one-month probationary period to earn a position and make $500 commission from any successful trades. Assuming they really want the Job. the motivation strength. r desire would be calculated as th eir perception of the value of that position with the bonus in relation to their perception of the probability that they can successfully trade during the trial. As the stockbroker's perceived value of the two rewards and erceived probability that they would be able to achieve increases, their motivation strength to obtain those rewards will also increase. To put it briefly, the key to the Vroom expectancy Expectancy tTheory is whether the individual perceives a positive relationship between ettort, performance, and reward.The advantages and Ilmltatlons of the vroom Expectancy Theory can be expressed as follows (Expectancy Theory of Motivation): Advantages of the Expectancy Theory It Is based on self-interest individuals who want to achieve maximum satisfaction and who want to minimize dissatisfaction. ? This theory stresses upon the expectations and perception; what Is real and actual Is Immaterial. It emphasizes on rewards or pay-offs. It focuses on psychological extravagance wher e final objective of Individual is to attain maximum pleasure and least pain.Limitations of the Expectancy Theory The expectancy theory seems to be idealistic because quite a few individuals perceive high degree correlation between performance and rewards. The application of this theory is limited. as reward is not directly correlated with performance In many organizations. It is related to other parameters also such as osition, effort, responsibility, education, etc. lnA Question of Motivationcase study, the Vroom Expectancy Theory relates to both workers.The theory suggests that individuals can be motivated if they believe that there is a positive correlation between efforts, performance, and rewards (Expectancy Theory of Motivation). In the case of Alex, he is not motivated at all to perform his duties assigned by Dan due to the lack ot rewards received tor his efforts. He sarcastically stated,†l don't even care anymore. what's the point? If I stock more apples, or somethin g meaningless like that, hat does It get me-another sucker that says ‘good Job? HIS performance and efforts does not have a positive Impact on the correlation to his rewards, which decreases his motivation strength. Stephanie on the other hand has a different relationship with her boss Jonathon and appears very motivated by the reward he will offer for Stephanie illustrated her enthusiasm by saying â€Å"lif I sell the oil Jonathon said that he'll give me a $75 bonus,. Sso I'm definitely going to give it a shot. † Her motivation strength is determined by her perception of the $75 bonus and probability that she can sell the oil to receive that reward.As her perceived value of the $75 reward and perceived probability that she can successfully sell the oil increases, her motivation strength to sell 10 bottles of truffle oil next week also increases. In both situations, the Vroom Expectancy Theory illustrates how it â€Å"is all about the attractiveness or appeal of the po tential reward to the individual†(Expectancy Theory of Motivation). Antoine, I think this is a great paper, however, the first two pages you are giving us a lot of information on what Vroom Theory is and not a lot of how it relates to the case study†¦ again, it is a great paper though :

Potassium Chloride essays

Potassium Chloride essays KCl is a compound, a combination of 2 elements: Potassium + Chloride. Potassium chloride is a colorless or white, cubic, crystalline compound. It is odorless, stable in air and highly soluble in water. Potassium chloride is soluble in water and alcohol and closely resembles common salt. Potassium chloride occurs pure in nature as the mineral sylvite and is found combined in many minerals and in brines and ocean water. It is produced from sylvinite, a sodium chloridepotassium chloride mineral that is refined by fractional crystallization and by a flotation process. The primary use of potassium chloride is in the production of fertilizers; it is also used in chemical manufacture. Potassium chloride is also used in fire extinguishers, which use stored pressure to discharge the agent, and the fire is extinguished mainly by the interruption of the combustion chain reaction. Potassium chloride has a variety of uses ranging from the main ingredient in soil fertilizers to being the agent by which other potassium salts are created. These compounds are used in making soaps, detergents, and other water absorbing compounds used in making glass and textile dyes. In the winter, KCl is also used as a salt to melt ice on sidewalks and roadways. Potassium chloride is also used in baby formulas and cheeses. For example, Colby, Swiss, parmesan and hard cheeses. It is also used in snack foods such as pretzels and corn chips. Welding fluxes and products also contain some form of potassium chloride. Potassium chloride has a melting point of 772 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of about 1500 degrees Celsius. It also has a relative density of two. Potassium chloride has an interesting property of being more soluble than sodium chloride in hot water but less soluble in cold water. Potassium chloride is also a prescription drug used to replace potassium in people with low blood levels of potassium, to prevent pot ...

5 Awkward Sentences

5 Awkward Sentences 5 Awkward Sentences 5 Awkward Sentences By Mark Nichol Innumerable missteps in constructing sentences are possible. Here are five random statements with assorted obstacles to comprehension, each accompanied by discussion and a revision. 1. The past month has seen two major developments. Avoid bestowing the gift of sight on inanimate objects or on concepts such as duration of time: â€Å"Two major developments have occurred during the past month.† 2. The question becomes why has everyone been unable to solve this puzzle. Treat the question in a sentence constructed this way as if it were spoken: â€Å"The question becomes, ‘Why has everyone been unable to solve this puzzle?’† Alternatively, reword the sentence so that a direct query is not stated: â€Å"The question then becomes one of why everyone has been unable to solve this puzzle.† 3. We would welcome your opinions and feedback on the results of this research. Inserting would in an entreaty that expresses what in marketing-speak is known as a call to action, an invitation to the reader to do something in response to a message, is an unnecessary and unproductive (and ingratiating) attempt to sound courteous. Instead of stating, literally, that welcoming opinions and feedback is potential but not actual, make the statement more emphatic by omitting the qualifying word: â€Å"We welcome your opinions and feedback on the results of this research.† 4. Additional processes for incident handing and breach reporting may be required to meet these requirements. Does this sentence mean that that the specified additional processes must conform to previously mentioned requirements, or that the processes may be mandated so that previously mentioned requirements are met? Normally, the phrase â€Å"in order to,† preceding a verb, can safely be omitted from a sentence. However, in this case, its inclusion will aid in comprehension: â€Å"Additional processes for incident handing and breach reporting may be required in order to meet these requirements.† 5. Those pressure tests and related assessments will clarify how prepared the organization is to make the actual transition. Because the reader cannot immediately tell which part of speech prepared is (it can be either a verb or an adjective, and is usually the former), inserting the adverb well before it will send a clear signal: â€Å"Those pressure tests and related assessments will clarify how well prepared the organization is to make the actual transition.† (Otherwise, a miscue might occur- the reader might assume that a noun has been omitted before the verb prepared: â€Å". . . how [the (blank)] prepared . . . .†) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Good At, Good In, and Good WithUse a Dash for Number RangesWriting Styles (with Examples)

Fashion Designer Parts 3 and 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Fashion Designer Parts 3 and 4 - Essay Example The essay "Fashion Designer Parts 3 and 4" examines the role of fashion designer. Performance appraisals are not a kind of lecture that the supervisor gives to the workers. This kind of a meeting comprises of two-way communication, where the supervisors can enhance the efficiency of the workers not only by giving them feedback of their performance, but can also make the employees understand in which fields they can improve and how. Here the worker’s listening abilities are tested and it also provides the employees with an opportunity to seek any clarification they have regarding work. There are two methods to evaluate job performance of fashion designers, which can be measured using Barscale. Always ensure the availability of fabrics and apparels to facilitate the outline drawn previous to the commencement of the design production. They direct and coordinate the activities of personnel in â€Å"drawing, pattern making and sewing divisions† (Fashion Designer, n.d, par.8) to ensure the reflection of actual thought process of the designs created. Keep a keen eye on the changing global fashion trends and always remain updated with the latest trends. Usually draw inspiration and generate conceptual designs to propose extremely unique products. Occasionally provide direction and coordinate activities of personnel to produce original designs. Usually is aware of the changing fashion trend, but fails to be in synchronization with global design trends, pricing and preferences. Sometimes offers absolutely unique products.... Usually is aware of the changing fashion trend, but fails to be in synchronization with global design trends, pricing and preferences. Satisfactory: Sometimes offers absolutely unique products to the market by creating new designs, but often fails to keep abreast of consumer preferences. Outlines the designs to be created but does not ensure the availability of fabrics and apparels required for the production. Poor: Poor direction and coordination of activities of personnel. Fails to develop marketing strategies required to penetrate into new markets as well as lacks creativity and innovation in designs? 2. Behavior: Proper Communication with Supervisors, Peers and Customers Regarding Design Ideas, Establish and Maintain Customer Relationship Excellent: Always communicates with supervisors, subordinates and also with the clients of the organization. Designers often take advantage of the information gained from the discussions and knowledge regarding fashion to produce unique designs. Frequently coordinates with clients to get an insight into their tastes and preferences as well as get an idea about their outlook on the designs and make any alterations required as per their demand and also maintains excellent relationship. Better: Usually provides sample garments to display at fashion shows, but little communication with the supervisors, subordinates and clients. Better utilization of the information attained from the discussion with various groups, however a less preferences is given for the customer’s tastes and choices. Good: Sometimes there is communication with the supervisors, subordinates and clients, but mostly failure to make use of the information obtained from discussion. Provides sample garments for exhibition at fashion shows, often fails to